ROOT 
              CANAL THERAPY
            Root canal therapy is 
              needed when the nerve of a tooth is affected by decay or infection. 
              In order to save the tooth, the pulp (the living tissue inside the 
              tooth), nerves, bacteria, and any decay are removed and the resulting 
              space is filled with special, medicated, dental materials, which 
              restore the tooth to its full function.
            Having a root canal done 
              on a tooth is the treatment of choice to save a tooth that otherwise 
              would die and have to be removed. Many patients believe that removing 
              a tooth that has problems is the solution, but what is not realized 
              is that extracting (pulling) a tooth will ultimately be more costly 
              and cause significant problems for adjacent teeth.
            Root canal treatment 
              is highly successful and usually lasts a lifetime, although on occasion, 
              a tooth will have to be retreated due to new infections.
            Signs 
              and symptoms for possible root canal therapy:
           
          
            What 
              does root canal therapy involve?
            A root canal procedure 
              requires one or more appointments and can be performed by a dentist 
              or endodontist (a root canal specialist).
            While the tooth is numb, 
              a rubber dam (a sheet of rubber) will be placed around the tooth 
              to keep it dry and free of saliva. An access opening is made on 
              top of the tooth and a series of root canal files are placed into 
              the opening, one at a time, removing the pulp, nerve tissue, and 
              bacteria. If tooth decay is present, it will also be removed with 
              special dental instruments.
            Once the tooth is thoroughly 
              cleaned, it will be sealed with either a permanent filling or, if 
              additional appointments are needed, a temporary filling will be 
              placed.
            At the next appointment, 
              usually a week later, the roots and the inside cavity of the tooth 
              will be filled and sealed with special dental materials. A filling 
              will be placed to cover the opening on top of the tooth. In addition, 
              all teeth that have root canal treatment should have a crown (cap) 
              placed. This will protect the tooth and prevent it from breaking, 
              and restore it to its full function.
            After treatment, your 
              tooth may still be sensitive, but this will subside as the inflammation 
              diminishes and the tooth has healed.
            You will be given care 
              instructions after each appointment. Good oral hygiene practices 
              and regular dental visits will aid in the life of your root canal 
              treatment.